/* Copyright 1986-1992 Emmet P. Gray.
* Copyright 1994,1996-2009 Alain Knaff.
* This file is part of mtools.
*
* Mtools is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* Mtools is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with Mtools. If not, see .
*
* mformat.c
*/
#define DONT_NEED_WAIT
#include "sysincludes.h"
#include "msdos.h"
#include "mtools.h"
#include "mainloop.h"
#include "device.h"
#include "old_dos.h"
#include "fsP.h"
#include "file.h"
#include "plain_io.h"
#include "nameclash.h"
#include "buffer.h"
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
#include
#endif
#include "stream.h"
#include "partition.h"
#include "open_image.h"
#include "file_name.h"
#include "lba.h"
#ifdef OS_linux
#include "linux/hdreg.h"
#include "linux/fs.h"
#endif
static uint16_t init_geometry_boot(union bootsector *boot, struct device *dev,
uint8_t sectors0,
uint8_t rate_0, uint8_t rate_any,
uint32_t *tot_sectors, int keepBoot)
{
int nb_renum;
int sector2;
int sum;
set_word(boot->boot.nsect, dev->sectors);
set_word(boot->boot.nheads, dev->heads);
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(*tot_sectors != 0);
#endif
if (*tot_sectors <= UINT16_MAX && dev->hidden <= UINT16_MAX){
set_word(boot->boot.psect, (uint16_t) *tot_sectors);
set_dword(boot->boot.bigsect, 0);
set_word(boot->boot.nhs, (uint16_t) dev->hidden);
} else {
set_word(boot->boot.psect, 0);
set_dword(boot->boot.bigsect, (uint32_t) *tot_sectors);
set_dword(boot->boot.nhs, dev->hidden);
}
if (dev->use_2m & 0x7f){
uint16_t bootOffset;
uint8_t j;
uint8_t size2;
uint16_t i;
strncpy(boot->boot.banner, "2M-STV04", 8);
boot->boot.ext.old.res_2m = 0;
boot->boot.ext.old.fmt_2mf = 6;
if ( dev->sectors % ( ((1 << dev->ssize) + 3) >> 2 ))
boot->boot.ext.old.wt = 1;
else
boot->boot.ext.old.wt = 0;
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_0= rate_0;
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any= rate_any;
if (boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any== 2 )
boot->boot.ext.old.rate_any= 1;
i=76;
/* Infp0 */
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.Infp0, i);
boot->bytes[i++] = sectors0;
boot->bytes[i++] = 108;
for(j=1; j<= sectors0; j++)
boot->bytes[i++] = j;
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.InfpX, i);
boot->bytes[i++] = 64;
boot->bytes[i++] = 3;
nb_renum = i++;
sector2 = dev->sectors;
size2 = dev->ssize;
j=1;
while( sector2 ){
while ( sector2 < (1 << size2) >> 2 )
size2--;
boot->bytes[i++] = 128 + j;
boot->bytes[i++] = j++;
boot->bytes[i++] = size2;
sector2 -= (1 << size2) >> 2;
}
boot->bytes[nb_renum] = (uint8_t)(( i - nb_renum - 1 )/3);
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.InfTm, i);
sector2 = dev->sectors;
size2= dev->ssize;
while(sector2){
while ( sector2 < 1 << ( size2 - 2) )
size2--;
boot->bytes[i++] = size2;
sector2 -= 1 << (size2 - 2 );
}
set_word(boot->boot.ext.old.BootP,i);
bootOffset = i;
/* checksum */
for (sum=0, j=64; jbytes[j];/* checksum */
boot->boot.ext.old.CheckSum=(unsigned char)-sum;
return bootOffset;
} else {
if(!keepBoot) {
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot->boot.jump[1] = 0;
boot->boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
strncpy(boot->boot.banner, mformat_banner, 8);
/* It looks like some versions of DOS are
* rather picky about this, and assume default
* parameters without this, ignoring any
* indication about cluster size et al. */
}
return 0;
}
}
static unsigned char bootprog[]=
{0xfa, 0x31, 0xc0, 0x8e, 0xd8, 0x8e, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xb9, 0x00, 0x01,
0xbe, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xbf, 0x00, 0x80, 0xf3, 0xa5, 0xea, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x08, 0xb8, 0x01, 0x02, 0xbb, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xba, 0x80, 0x00,
0xb9, 0x01, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x13, 0x72, 0x05, 0xea, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x00,
0x00, 0xcd, 0x19};
static __inline__ void inst_boot_prg(union bootsector *boot, uint16_t offset)
{
memcpy(boot->bytes + offset, bootprog, sizeof(bootprog));
if(offset - 2 < 0x80) {
/* short jump */
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot->boot.jump[1] = (uint8_t) (offset -2);
boot->boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
} else {
/* long jump, if offset is too large */
boot->boot.jump[0] = 0xe9;
boot->boot.jump[1] = (uint8_t) (offset - 3);
boot->boot.jump[2] = (uint8_t) ( (offset - 3) >> 8);
}
set_word(boot->boot.jump + offset + 20, offset + 24);
}
/* Set up the root directory */
static __inline__ void format_root(Fs_t *Fs, char *label, union bootsector *boot)
{
Stream_t *RootDir;
char *buf;
unsigned int i;
struct ClashHandling_t ch;
unsigned int dirlen;
init_clash_handling(&ch);
ch.name_converter = label_name_uc;
ch.ignore_entry = -2;
buf = safe_malloc(Fs->sector_size);
RootDir = OpenRoot((Stream_t *)Fs);
if(!RootDir){
fprintf(stderr,"Could not open root directory\n");
exit(1);
}
memset(buf, '\0', Fs->sector_size);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32) {
/* on a FAT32 system, we only write one sector,
* as the directory can be extended at will...*/
dirlen = Fs->cluster_size;
fatAllocate(Fs, Fs->rootCluster, Fs->end_fat);
} else
dirlen = Fs->dir_len;
for (i = 0; i < dirlen; i++)
PWRITES(RootDir, buf, sectorsToBytes(Fs, i),
Fs->sector_size);
ch.ignore_entry = 1;
if(label[0])
mwrite_one(RootDir,label, 0, labelit, NULL,&ch);
FREE(&RootDir);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32)
set_word(boot->boot.dirents, 0);
else
set_word(boot->boot.dirents,
(uint16_t) (Fs->dir_len * (Fs->sector_size / 32)));
free(buf);
}
/*
* Calculate length of one FAT, in sectors, given the number of total sectors
* Returns
* -2: if there are less total sectors than even clus_start
* 0: if a length was successfully calculated. (in that case, it is filled
* into Fs->fat_len)
* 1: if the specified number of FAT bits cannot accomodate that many
* sectors => caller should raise FAT bits
*/
static int calc_fat_len(Fs_t *Fs, uint32_t tot_sectors)
{
uint32_t rem_sect;
uint32_t numerator;
uint32_t denominator;
uint32_t corr=0; /* correct numeric overflow */
uint32_t clus_start;
unsigned int fat_nybbles;
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(Fs->fat_bits != 0);
#endif
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Fat start=%d\n", Fs->fat_start);
fprintf(stderr, "tot_sectors=%lu\n", tot_sectors);
fprintf(stderr, "dir_len=%d\n", Fs->dir_len);
#endif
Fs->fat_len = 0;
clus_start = calc_clus_start(Fs);
if(tot_sectors < clus_start)
return -2;
rem_sect = tot_sectors - clus_start;
/* Cheat a little bit to address the _really_ common case of
odd number of remaining sectors while both nfat and cluster size
are even... */
if(rem_sect % 2 == 1 &&
Fs->num_fat % 2 == 0 &&
Fs->cluster_size % 2 == 0)
rem_sect--;
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Rem sect=%lu\n", rem_sect);
#endif
/* See fat_size_calculation.tex or
(https://www.gnu.org/gnu/mtools/manual/fat_size_calculation.pdf)
for an explantation about why the stuff below works...
*/
fat_nybbles = Fs->fat_bits / 4;
numerator = rem_sect+2*Fs->cluster_size;
/* Might overflow, but will be cancelled out below. As the
operation is unsigned, a posteriori fixup is allowable, as
wrap-around is part of the spec. For *signed* quantities,
this hack would be incorrect, as it would be "undefined
behavior" */
/* Initial denominator is nybbles consumed by one cluster, both in
* FAT and in cluster space */
denominator =
Fs->cluster_size * Fs->sector_size * 2 +
Fs->num_fat * fat_nybbles;
if(fat_nybbles == 3) {
/* We need to do this test here, or multiplying rem_sect with
* fat_nybbles might overflow */
if(rem_sect > 256 * FAT12)
return 1;
numerator *= fat_nybbles;
} else
/* Avoid numerical overflows, divide the denominator
* rather than multiplying the numerator */
denominator = denominator / fat_nybbles;
/* Substract denominator from numerator to "cancel out" an
unsigned integer overflow which might have happened with
total number of sectors very near maximum (2^32-1) and huge
cluster size. This substraction removes 1 from the result
of the following division, so we will add 1 again after the
division. However, we only do this if (original) numerator
is bigger than denominator though, as otherwise we risk the
inverse problem of going below 0 on small disks */
if(rem_sect > denominator) {
numerator -= denominator;
corr++;
}
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Numerator=%lu denominator=%lu\n",
numerator, denominator);
#endif
Fs->fat_len = (numerator-1)/denominator+1+corr;
return 0;
}
/* Is there enough space in the FAT for the descriptors for all clusters.
* This only works if we assume that it is already clear that Fs->num_clus is
* less than FAT32, or else it might overflow */
static inline bool clusters_fit_into_fat(Fs_t *Fs) {
return ((Fs->num_clus+2) * (Fs->fat_bits/4) - 1) / (Fs->sector_size*2) <
Fs->fat_len;
}
/*
* Assert that FAT param calculation has been performed correctly, and
* set_fat
*/
static void check_fs_params_and_set_fat(Fs_t *Fs, uint32_t tot_sectors)
{
unsigned int provisional_fat_bits;
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Num_clus=%d fat_len=%d nybbles=%d\n",
Fs->num_clus, Fs->fat_len, fat_nybbles);
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
/* if FAT bits is 32, dir_len must be zero, otherwise it must be
* non-zero */
assert(Fs->fat_bits == 32 ? (Fs->dir_len == 0) : (Fs->dir_len != 0));
/* Clusters must fill disk up entirely, except for small amount of
* slack smaller than one sector */
assert(tot_sectors >=
Fs->clus_start + Fs->num_clus * Fs->cluster_size);
assert(tot_sectors <=
Fs->clus_start + Fs->num_clus * Fs->cluster_size +
Fs->cluster_size - 1);
/* Fat must be big enough for all clusters */
assert(clusters_fit_into_fat(Fs));
#endif
provisional_fat_bits = Fs->fat_bits;
set_fat(Fs);
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(provisional_fat_bits == Fs->fat_bits);
#endif
}
static void fat32_specific_init(Fs_t *Fs) {
Fs->primaryFat = 0;
Fs->writeAllFats = 1;
if(!Fs->backupBoot) {
if(Fs->fat_start <= 6)
Fs->backupBoot = Fs->fat_start - 1;
else
Fs->backupBoot=6;
}
if(Fs->fat_start < 3) {
fprintf(stderr,
"For FAT 32, reserved sectors need to be at least 3\n");
exit(1);
}
if(Fs->fat_start <= Fs->backupBoot) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Reserved sectors (%d) must be more than backupBoot (%d)\n", Fs->fat_start, Fs->backupBoot);
Fs->backupBoot = 0;
}
}
/* Try given cluster- and fat_size (and other parameters), and say whether
* cluster_size/fat_bits should be increased, decreased, or is fine as is.
* Parameters
* Fs the file system object
* tot_sectors size of file system, in sectors
* may_change_boot_size try_cluster_size may increase number of boot
* (reserved) sectors to make everything fit
* may_change_fat_len try_cluster_size may change (compute) FAT length
* may_change_root_size try_cluster_size may increase root directory size
* to make everything fit
* may_pad if there are (slightly) too many clusters,
* try_cluster_size may artificially inflate number of
* boot sectors, fat length or root_size to take up
* space in order to reduce number clusters below limit
*
* Return values
* -2 Too few sectors to contain even the header (reserved sectors, minimal
* FAT and root directory), or other internal error
* -1 This cluster size leads to too few clusters for the FAT size.
* Caller should either reduce cluster size or FAT size, and try again
* 0 Everything fits
* 1 This cluster size leads to too many clusters for the FAT
* size. Caller should either increase cluster size or FAT size, and
* try again
* 2 Fat length is set, and there are too many clusters to fit into
* that Fat length. Caller should either increase cluster size, or
* decrease FAT size, and try again
*
*/
static int try_cluster_size(Fs_t *Fs,
uint32_t tot_sectors,
bool may_change_boot_size,
bool may_change_fat_len,
bool may_change_root_size,
bool may_pad)
{
uint32_t maxClus;
uint32_t minClus;
switch(Fs->fat_bits) {
case 12:
minClus = 1;
maxClus = FAT12;
break;
case 16:
minClus = 4096;
maxClus = FAT16;
break;
case 32:
minClus = FAT16;
maxClus = FAT32;
break;
default:
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(false && "Bad number of FAT bits");
#endif
return -2;
}
if(getenv("MTOOLS_DEBUG_FAT")) {
fprintf(stderr, "FAT=%d Cluster=%d%s\n",
Fs->fat_bits, Fs->cluster_size,
may_pad ? " may_pad" : "");
}
if(may_change_fat_len) {
int fit=calc_fat_len(Fs, tot_sectors);
if(fit != 0)
return fit;
}
while(true) {
uint32_t bwaste; /* How many sectors we need to "waste" */
uint16_t waste;
uint16_t dir_grow=0;
if(calc_num_clus(Fs, tot_sectors) < 0)
return -2;
if(Fs->num_clus < minClus)
return -1; /* Not enough clusters => loop
* should shrink FAT bits again */
if(!may_change_fat_len) {
/* If fat_len has been explicitly specified by
* user, make sure that number of clusters
* fit within that fat_len */
if(Fs->num_clus >= FAT32 || !clusters_fit_into_fat(Fs))
return 2; /* Caller should should pick a
* bigger cluster size, but not a
* higher FAT bits */
}
if(Fs->num_clus < maxClus)
break;
if(!may_pad)
return 1;
/* "Pad" fat by artifically adding sectors to boot sectors,
FAT or root directory to diminish number of clusters */
/* This is needed when a size of a FAT fs somehow is
* "in between" 2 fat bits: too large for FAT12, too small
* for FAT16.
* This happens because if there slightly too may
* clusters for FAT12, the system passes to
* FAT16. However, this makes the space taken up by
* the descriptor of each sector in the FAT larger,
* making the FAT larger overall, leaving less space
* for the clusters themselves, i.e. less
* clusters. Sometimes this is enough to push the
* number of clusters *below* the minimum for FAT12.
* a similar situation happens when switching from
* FAT16 to FAT32.
* if this happens, we switch back to the lower FAT
* bits, and allow "padding", i.e. artificially
* "wasting" space by adding more reserved (boot)
* sectors, adding "useless" extra sectors to the FAT,
* or allowing more root directory entries.
*/
bwaste = tot_sectors - Fs->clus_start -
maxClus * Fs->cluster_size + 1;
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(bwaste <= UINT16_MAX);
#endif
waste = (uint16_t) bwaste;
if(may_change_root_size) {
dir_grow = 32 - Fs->dir_len;
if(dir_grow > waste)
dir_grow = waste;
waste -= dir_grow;
}
if(may_change_fat_len &&
(!may_change_boot_size || Fs->fat_bits == 12)) {
uint16_t fat_grow =
(waste + Fs->num_fat - 1) / Fs->num_fat;
uint16_t dir_shrink = 0;
Fs->fat_len += fat_grow;
/* Shrink directory again, but at most as by as much
* as we grew it earlyer */
dir_shrink = waste - fat_grow * Fs->num_fat;
if(dir_shrink > dir_grow)
dir_shrink = dir_grow;
dir_grow -= dir_shrink;
} else if(may_change_boot_size) {
Fs->fat_start += waste;
}
Fs->dir_len += dir_grow;
/* If padding once failed, no point in keeping on retrying */
may_pad=false;
}
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
/* number of clusters must be within allowable range for fat
bits */
assert(Fs->num_clus >= minClus);
assert(Fs->num_clus < maxClus);
#endif
return 0;
}
/* Finds a set of filesystem parameters, given the device size, and
* any presets specified by user
* On return, Fs will be initialized, or one of the following error codes
* will be returned:
* -1 Not enough sectors for any kind of FAT filesystem
* -2 Not enough clusters for given number of FAT bits
* -3 Too many clusters for given number of FAT bits
* -4 Too many clusters for chosen FAT length
*/
int calc_fs_parameters(struct device *dev, bool fat32,
uint32_t tot_sectors,
struct Fs_t *Fs, uint8_t *descr)
{
bool may_change_boot_size = (Fs->fat_start == 0);
bool may_change_fat_bits = (dev->fat_bits == 0) && !fat32;
bool may_change_cluster_size = (Fs->cluster_size == 0);
bool may_change_root_size = (Fs->dir_len == 0);
bool may_change_fat_len = (Fs->fat_len == 0);
bool may_pad = false;
uint16_t saved_dir_len;
struct OldDos_t *params=NULL;
Fs->infoSectorLoc = 0;
if( (may_change_fat_bits || abs(dev->fat_bits) == 12) &&
(may_change_boot_size || Fs->fat_start == 1) )
params = getOldDosByParams(dev->tracks,dev->heads,dev->sectors,
Fs->dir_len, Fs->cluster_size);
if(params != NULL) {
int num_clus_valid;
*descr = params->media;
Fs->fat_start = 1;
Fs->cluster_size = params->cluster_size;
Fs->dir_len = params->dir_len;
Fs->fat_len = params->fat_len;
Fs->fat_bits = 12;
num_clus_valid = calc_num_clus(Fs, tot_sectors);
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(num_clus_valid >= 0);
#endif
check_fs_params_and_set_fat(Fs, tot_sectors);
return 0;
}
/* a format described by BPB */
if(dev->hidden || tot_sectors % (dev->sectors * dev->heads))
*descr = 0xf8;
else
*descr = 0xf0;
Fs->fat_bits = abs(dev->fat_bits);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 0)
/* If fat_bits not specified by device, start with a 12-bit
* FAT, unless 32 bit specified on command line */
Fs->fat_bits = fat32 ? 32 : 12;
if(!Fs->cluster_size) {
if(tot_sectors < 2400 && dev->heads == 2)
/* double sided double density floppies */
Fs->cluster_size = 2;
else if(may_change_fat_len && Fs->fat_bits == 32)
/* FAT32 => start with 8 */
Fs->cluster_size = 8;
else
/* In all other cases, start with 1 */
Fs->cluster_size = 1;
}
if(!Fs->dir_len) {
if(tot_sectors < 1200) {
/* Double density floppies */
if (dev->heads == 1)
Fs->dir_len = 4;
else
Fs->dir_len = 7;
} else if(tot_sectors <= 3840)
/* High density floppies */
Fs->dir_len = 14;
else if(tot_sectors <= 7680)
/* extra density floppies */
Fs->dir_len = 15;
else
Fs->dir_len = 32;
}
saved_dir_len = Fs->dir_len;
while(true) {
int fit;
if(may_change_boot_size) {
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32)
Fs->fat_start = 32;
else
Fs->fat_start = 1;
}
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32)
Fs->dir_len = 0;
else if(Fs->dir_len == 0)
Fs->dir_len = saved_dir_len;
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32 &&
may_change_cluster_size && may_change_fat_len) {
/*
FAT32 cluster sizes for disks with 512 block size
according to Microsoft specification fatgen103.doc:
...
- 8 GB cluster_size = 8
8 GB - 16 GB cluster_size = 16
16 GB - 32 GB cluster_size = 32
32 GB - 2 TB cluster_size = 64
Below calculation is generalized and does not depend
on 512 block size.
*/
Fs->cluster_size = tot_sectors >= 32*1024*1024*2 ? 64 :
tot_sectors >= 16*1024*1024*2 ? 32 :
tot_sectors >= 8*1024*1024*2 ? 16 :
Fs->cluster_size;
}
fit=try_cluster_size(Fs,
tot_sectors,
may_change_boot_size,
may_change_fat_len,
may_change_root_size,
may_pad);
if(getenv("MTOOLS_DEBUG_FAT")) {
fprintf(stderr, " fit=%d\n", fit);
}
if(fit == 0)
break;
if(fit == -2)
return -1;
#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
assert(fit != 2 || !may_change_fat_len);
#endif
if(fit < 0) {
if(may_change_cluster_size &&
may_change_fat_len &&
Fs->cluster_size > 1) {
Fs->cluster_size = Fs->cluster_size / 2;
continue;
}
/* Somehow we ended up with too few sectors
* for FAT size. This can only happen if
* cluster size is not adjustable, and if we
* had *barely* more clusters than allowed by
* previous fat bits. After raising fat bits,
* fat_len grew larger (due to each individual
* FAT entry now being larger), pushing the
* number of clusters *below* new limit. =>
* we lower fat bits again */
if(!may_change_fat_bits || Fs->fat_bits == 12)
return -2;
switch(Fs->fat_bits) {
case 16:
Fs->fat_bits=12;
break;
case 32:
Fs->fat_bits=16;
break;
}
may_pad=true;
continue;
}
if(fit == 1 && may_change_fat_bits && !may_pad) {
/* If cluster_size reached
* "maximum" for fat_bits,
* switch over to next
*/
if(Fs->fat_bits == 12 &&
(!may_change_cluster_size ||
Fs->cluster_size >= 8)) {
Fs->fat_bits = 16;
if(may_change_cluster_size)
Fs->cluster_size = 1;
continue;
}
if(Fs->fat_bits == 16 &&
(!may_change_cluster_size ||
Fs->cluster_size >= 64)) {
Fs->fat_bits = 32;
if(may_change_cluster_size)
Fs->cluster_size =
may_change_fat_len ? 8 : 1;
continue;
}
}
if(may_change_cluster_size && Fs->cluster_size < 128) {
/* Double cluster size, and try again */
Fs->cluster_size = 2 * Fs->cluster_size;
continue;
}
if(fit == 2 && may_change_fat_bits &&
may_change_root_size &&
Fs->fat_bits == 16) {
Fs->fat_bits=12;
may_pad=true;
continue;
}
/* Still too many clusters? */
return (fit == 2) ? -4 : -3;
}
if(getenv("MTOOLS_DEBUG_FAT") || getenv("MTOOLS_DEBUG_FAT_SUMMARY")) {
fprintf(stderr,
" FAT%d Cluster_size=%d %d clusters FAT_LEN=%d\n",
Fs->fat_bits,
Fs->cluster_size,
Fs->num_clus,
Fs->fat_len);
}
check_fs_params_and_set_fat(Fs, tot_sectors);
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32)
fat32_specific_init(Fs);
return 0;
}
void initFsForFormat(Fs_t *Fs)
{
memset(Fs, 0, sizeof(*Fs));
init_head(&Fs->head, &FsClass, NULL);
Fs->cluster_size = 0;
Fs->dir_len = 0;
Fs->fat_len = 0;
Fs->num_fat = 2;
Fs->backupBoot = 0;
}
void setFsSectorSize(Fs_t *Fs, struct device *dev, uint16_t msize) {
unsigned int j;
Fs->sector_size = 512;
if( !(dev->use_2m & 0x7f)) {
Fs->sector_size = (uint16_t) (128u << (dev->ssize & 0x7f));
}
SET_INT(Fs->sector_size, msize);
for(j = 0; j < 31; j++) {
if (Fs->sector_size == (unsigned int) (1 << j)) {
Fs->sectorShift = j;
break;
}
}
Fs->sectorMask = Fs->sector_size - 1;
}
static int old_dos_size_to_geom(size_t size,
unsigned int *cyls,
unsigned short *heads,
unsigned short *sects)
{
struct OldDos_t *params = getOldDosBySize(size);
if(params != NULL) {
*cyls = params->tracks;
*heads = params->heads;
*sects = params->sectors;
return 0;
} else
return 1;
}
static void usage(int ret) NORETURN;
static void usage(int ret)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Mtools version %s, dated %s\n", mversion, mdate);
fprintf(stderr,
"Usage: %s [-V] [-t tracks] [-h heads] [-n sectors] "
"[-v label] [-1] [-4] [-8] [-f size] "
"[-N serialnumber] "
"[-k] [-B bootsector] [-r root_dir_len] [-L fat_len] "
"[-F] [-I fsVersion] [-C] [-c cluster_size] "
"[-H hidden_sectors] "
#ifdef USE_XDF
"[-X] "
#endif
"[-S hardsectorsize] [-M softsectorsize] [-3] "
"[-2 track0sectors] [-0 rate0] [-A rateany] [-a]"
"device\n", progname);
exit(ret);
}
void mformat(int argc, char **argv, int dummy UNUSEDP) NORETURN;
void mformat(int argc, char **argv, int dummy UNUSEDP)
{
int r; /* generic return value */
Fs_t *Fs;
unsigned int hs;
int hs_set;
unsigned int arguse_2m = 0;
uint8_t sectors0=18; /* number of sectors on track 0 */
int create = 0;
uint8_t rate_0, rate_any;
int mangled;
uint8_t argssize=0; /* sector size */
uint16_t msize=0;
int fat32 = 0;
struct label_blk_t *labelBlock;
size_t bootOffset;
#ifdef USE_XDF
unsigned int i;
int format_xdf = 0;
struct xdf_info info;
#endif
union bootsector boot;
char *bootSector=0;
int c;
int keepBoot = 0;
struct device used_dev;
unsigned int argtracks;
uint16_t argheads, argsectors;
uint32_t tot_sectors=0;
uint32_t blocksize;
char drive, name[EXPAND_BUF];
char label[VBUFSIZE];
dos_name_t shortlabel;
struct device *dev;
char errmsg[2100];
uint32_t serial;
int serial_set;
uint16_t fsVersion;
uint8_t mediaDesc=0;
bool haveMediaDesc=false;
mt_off_t maxSize;
int Atari = 0; /* should we add an Atari-style serial number ? */
char *endptr;
hs = hs_set = 0;
argtracks = 0;
argheads = 0;
argsectors = 0;
arguse_2m = 0;
argssize = 0x2;
label[0] = '\0';
serial_set = 0;
serial = 0;
fsVersion = 0;
Fs = New(Fs_t);
if (!Fs) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
exit(1);
}
initFsForFormat(Fs);
if(getenv("MTOOLS_DIR_LEN")) {
Fs->dir_len = atou16(getenv("MTOOLS_DIR_LEN"));
if(Fs->dir_len <= 0)
Fs->dir_len=0;
}
if(getenv("MTOOLS_NFATS")) {
Fs->num_fat = atou8(getenv("MTOOLS_NFATS"));
if(Fs->num_fat <= 0)
Fs->num_fat=2;
}
rate_0 = mtools_rate_0;
rate_any = mtools_rate_any;
/* get command line options */
if(helpFlag(argc, argv))
usage(0);
while ((c = getopt(argc,argv,
"i:148f:t:n:v:qub"
"kK:R:B:r:L:I:FCc:Xh:s:T:l:N:H:M:S:2:30:Aad:m:"))!= EOF) {
errno = 0;
endptr = NULL;
switch (c) {
case 'i':
set_cmd_line_image(optarg);
break;
/* standard DOS flags */
case '1':
argheads = 1;
break;
case '4':
argsectors = 9;
argtracks = 40;
break;
case '8':
argsectors = 8;
argtracks = 40;
break;
case 'f':
r=old_dos_size_to_geom(atoul(optarg),
&argtracks, &argheads,
&argsectors);
if(r) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Bad size %s\n", optarg);
exit(1);
}
break;
case 't':
argtracks = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'T':
tot_sectors = parseSize(optarg);
break;
case 'n': /*non-standard*/
case 's':
argsectors = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'l': /* non-standard */
case 'v':
strncpy(label, optarg, VBUFSIZE-1);
label[VBUFSIZE-1] = '\0';
break;
/* flags supported by Dos but not mtools */
case 'q':
case 'u':
case 'b':
/*case 's': leave this for compatibility */
fprintf(stderr,
"Flag %c not supported by mtools\n",c);
exit(1);
/* flags added by mtools */
case 'F':
fat32 = 1;
break;
case 'S':
argssize = atou8(optarg) | 0x80;
if(argssize < 0x80)
usage(1);
if(argssize >= 0x87) {
fprintf(stderr, "argssize must be less than 6\n");
usage(1);
}
break;
#ifdef USE_XDF
case 'X':
format_xdf = 1;
break;
#endif
case '2':
arguse_2m = 0xff;
sectors0 = atou8(optarg);
break;
case '3':
arguse_2m = 0x80;
break;
case '0': /* rate on track 0 */
rate_0 = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'A': /* rate on other tracks */
rate_any = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'M':
msize = atou16(optarg);
if(msize != 512 &&
msize != 1024 &&
msize != 2048 &&
msize != 4096) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only sector sizes of 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 bytes are allowed\n");
usage(1);
}
break;
case 'N':
serial = strtou32(optarg,&endptr,16);
serial_set = 1;
break;
case 'a': /* Atari style serial number */
Atari = 1;
break;
case 'C':
create = O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
break;
case 'H':
hs = atoui(optarg);
hs_set = 1;
break;
case 'I':
fsVersion = strtou16(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'c':
Fs->cluster_size = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'r':
Fs->dir_len = strtou16(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'L':
Fs->fat_len = strtoui(optarg,&endptr,0);
break;
case 'B':
bootSector = optarg;
break;
case 'k':
keepBoot = 1;
break;
case 'K':
Fs->backupBoot = atou16(optarg);
if(Fs->backupBoot < 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Backupboot must be greater than 2\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'R':
Fs->fat_start = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'h':
argheads = atou16(optarg);
break;
case 'd':
Fs->num_fat = atou8(optarg);
break;
case 'm':
mediaDesc = strtou8(optarg,&endptr,0);
if(*endptr)
mediaDesc = strtou8(optarg,&endptr,16);
if(optarg == endptr || *endptr) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad mediadesc %s\n", optarg);
exit(1);
}
haveMediaDesc=true;
break;
default:
usage(1);
}
check_number_parse_errno((char)c, optarg, endptr);
}
if (argc - optind > 1)
usage(1);
if(argc - optind == 1) {
if(!argv[optind][0] || argv[optind][1] != ':')
usage(1);
drive = ch_toupper(argv[argc -1][0]);
} else {
drive = get_default_drive();
if(drive != ':') {
/* Use default drive only if it is ":" (image file), as else
it would be too dangerous... */
fprintf(stderr, "Drive letter missing\n");
exit(1);
}
}
if(argtracks && tot_sectors) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -t or -T may be specified\n");
usage(1);
}
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(create && format_xdf) {
fprintf(stderr,"Create and XDF can't be used together\n");
exit(1);
}
#endif
/* check out a drive whose letter and parameters match */
sprintf(errmsg, "Drive '%c:' not supported", drive);
blocksize = 0;
for(dev=devices;dev->drive;dev++) {
FREE(&(Fs->head.Next));
/* drive letter */
if (dev->drive != drive)
continue;
used_dev = *dev;
SET_INT(used_dev.tracks, argtracks);
SET_INT(used_dev.heads, argheads);
SET_INT(used_dev.sectors, argsectors);
SET_INT(used_dev.use_2m, arguse_2m);
SET_INT(used_dev.ssize, argssize);
if(hs_set)
used_dev.hidden = hs;
expand(dev->name, name);
#ifdef USING_NEW_VOLD
strcpy(name, getVoldName(dev, name));
#endif
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(format_xdf)
used_dev.misc_flags |= USE_XDF_FLAG;
info.FatSize=0;
#endif
if(tot_sectors)
used_dev.tot_sectors = tot_sectors;
Fs->head.Next = OpenImage(&used_dev, dev, name,
O_RDWR|create, errmsg,
ALWAYS_GET_GEOMETRY,
O_RDWR,
&maxSize, NULL,
#ifdef USE_XDF
&info
#else
NULL
#endif
);
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(Fs->head.Next && info.FatSize) {
if(!Fs->fat_len)
Fs->fat_len = info.FatSize;
if(!Fs->dir_len)
Fs->dir_len = info.RootDirSize;
}
#endif
if (!Fs->head.Next)
continue;
if(tot_sectors)
used_dev.tot_sectors = tot_sectors;
setFsSectorSize(Fs, &used_dev, msize);
if(!used_dev.blocksize || used_dev.blocksize < Fs->sector_size)
blocksize = Fs->sector_size;
else
blocksize = used_dev.blocksize;
if(blocksize > MAX_SECTOR)
blocksize = MAX_SECTOR;
if(chs_to_totsectors(&used_dev, errmsg) < 0 ||
check_if_sectors_fit(dev->tot_sectors, maxSize, blocksize,
errmsg) < 0) {
FREE(&Fs->head.Next);
continue;
}
if(!tot_sectors)
tot_sectors = used_dev.tot_sectors;
/* do a "test" read */
if (!create &&
PREADS(Fs->head.Next,
&boot.characters, 0, Fs->sector_size) !=
(signed int) Fs->sector_size) {
#ifdef HAVE_SNPRINTF
snprintf(errmsg, sizeof(errmsg)-1,
"Error reading from '%s', wrong parameters?",
name);
#else
sprintf(errmsg,
"Error reading from '%s', wrong parameters?",
name);
#endif
FREE(&Fs->head.Next);
continue;
}
break;
}
/* print error msg if needed */
if ( dev->drive == 0 ){
FREE(&Fs->head.Next);
fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n", argv[0],errmsg);
exit(1);
}
if(tot_sectors == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Number of sectors not known\n");
exit(1);
}
/* create the image file if needed */
if (create) {
PWRITES(Fs->head.Next, &boot.characters,
sectorsToBytes(Fs, tot_sectors-1),
Fs->sector_size);
}
/* the boot sector */
if(bootSector) {
int fd;
ssize_t ret;
fd = open(bootSector, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE);
if(fd < 0) {
perror("open boot sector");
exit(1);
}
ret=read(fd, &boot.bytes, blocksize);
if(ret < 0 || (size_t) ret < blocksize) {
perror("short read on boot sector");
exit(1);
}
keepBoot = 1;
close(fd);
}
if(!keepBoot && !(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f))
memset(boot.characters, '\0', Fs->sector_size);
Fs->head.Next = buf_init(Fs->head.Next,
blocksize * used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors,
blocksize * used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors,
blocksize);
boot.boot.nfat = Fs->num_fat;
if(!keepBoot)
set_word(&boot.bytes[510], 0xaa55);
/* Initialize the remaining parameters */
set_word(boot.boot.nsect, used_dev.sectors);
set_word(boot.boot.nheads, used_dev.heads);
switch(calc_fs_parameters(&used_dev, fat32, tot_sectors, Fs,
&boot.boot.descr)) {
case -1:
fprintf(stderr, "Too few sectors\n");
exit(1);
case -2:
fprintf(stderr, "Too few clusters for %d bit fat\n",
Fs->fat_bits);
exit(1);
case -3:
fprintf(stderr, "Too many clusters for %d bit FAT\n",
Fs->fat_bits);
exit(1);
case -4:
fprintf(stderr, "Too many clusters for fat length %d\n",
Fs->fat_len);
exit(1);
}
if(!keepBoot && !(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f)) {
if(!used_dev.partition) {
/* install fake partition table pointing to itself */
struct partition *partTable=(struct partition *)
(&boot.bytes[0x1ae]);
setBeginEnd(&partTable[1], 0,
used_dev.heads * used_dev.sectors *
used_dev.tracks,
(uint8_t) used_dev.heads,
(uint8_t) used_dev.sectors, 1, 0,
Fs->fat_bits);
}
}
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32) {
set_word(boot.boot.fatlen, 0);
set_dword(boot.boot.ext.fat32.bigFat, Fs->fat_len);
Fs->clus_start = Fs->num_fat * Fs->fat_len + Fs->fat_start;
/* extension flags: mirror fats, and use #0 as primary */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.extFlags,0);
/* fs version. What should go here? */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.fsVersion,fsVersion);
/* root directory */
set_dword(boot.boot.ext.fat32.rootCluster, Fs->rootCluster = 2);
/* info sector */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.infoSector, Fs->infoSectorLoc = 1);
Fs->infoSectorLoc = 1;
/* no backup boot sector */
set_word(boot.boot.ext.fat32.backupBoot, Fs->backupBoot);
labelBlock = & boot.boot.ext.fat32.labelBlock;
} else {
set_word(boot.boot.fatlen, (uint16_t) Fs->fat_len);
Fs->dir_start = Fs->num_fat * Fs->fat_len + Fs->fat_start;
Fs->clus_start = Fs->dir_start + Fs->dir_len;
labelBlock = & boot.boot.ext.old.labelBlock;
}
/* Set the codepage */
Fs->cp = cp_open(used_dev.codepage);
if(Fs->cp == NULL)
exit(1);
if (!keepBoot)
/* only zero out physdrive if we don't have a template
* bootsector */
labelBlock->physdrive = 0x00;
labelBlock->reserved = 0;
labelBlock->dos4 = 0x29;
if (!serial_set || Atari)
init_random();
if (!serial_set)
serial=(uint32_t) random();
set_dword(labelBlock->serial, serial);
label_name_pc(GET_DOSCONVERT((Stream_t *)Fs),
label[0] ? label : "NO NAME ", 0,
&mangled, &shortlabel);
strncpy(labelBlock->label, shortlabel.base, 8);
strncpy(labelBlock->label+8, shortlabel.ext, 3);
sprintf(labelBlock->fat_type, "FAT%2.2d ", Fs->fat_bits);
labelBlock->fat_type[7] = ' ';
set_word(boot.boot.secsiz, Fs->sector_size);
boot.boot.clsiz = (unsigned char) Fs->cluster_size;
set_word(boot.boot.nrsvsect, Fs->fat_start);
bootOffset = init_geometry_boot(&boot, &used_dev, sectors0,
rate_0, rate_any,
&tot_sectors, keepBoot);
if(!bootOffset) {
bootOffset = ptrdiff((char *) labelBlock, (char*)boot.bytes) +
sizeof(struct label_blk_t);
}
if(Atari) {
boot.boot.banner[4] = 0;
boot.boot.banner[5] = (char) random();
boot.boot.banner[6] = (char) random();
boot.boot.banner[7] = (char) random();
}
if(!keepBoot && bootOffset <= UINT16_MAX)
inst_boot_prg(&boot, (uint16_t)bootOffset);
/* Mimic 3.8 behavior, else 2m disk do not work (???)
* luferbu@fluidsignal.com (Luis Bustamante), Fri, 14 Jun 2002
*/
if(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f) {
boot.boot.jump[0] = 0xeb;
boot.boot.jump[1] = 0x80;
boot.boot.jump[2] = 0x90;
}
if(used_dev.use_2m & 0x7f)
Fs->num_fat = 1;
if(haveMediaDesc)
boot.boot.descr=mediaDesc;
Fs->lastFatSectorNr = 0;
Fs->lastFatSectorData = 0;
zero_fat(Fs, boot.boot.descr);
Fs->freeSpace = Fs->num_clus;
Fs->last = 2;
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(used_dev.misc_flags & USE_XDF_FLAG)
for(i=0;
i < (info.BadSectors+Fs->cluster_size-1)/Fs->cluster_size;
i++)
fatEncode(Fs, i+2, 0xfff7);
#endif
format_root(Fs, label, &boot);
if(PWRITES((Stream_t *)Fs, boot.characters, 0, Fs->sector_size) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error writing boot sector\n");
exit(1);
}
if(Fs->fat_bits == 32 && WORD_S(ext.fat32.backupBoot) != MAX16) {
if(PWRITES((Stream_t *)Fs, boot.characters,
sectorsToBytes(Fs, WORD_S(ext.fat32.backupBoot)),
Fs->sector_size) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error writing backup boot sector\n");
exit(1);
}
}
FREE((Stream_t **)&Fs);
#ifdef USE_XDF
if(format_xdf && isatty(0) && !getenv("MTOOLS_USE_XDF"))
fprintf(stderr,
"Note:\n"
"Remember to set the \"MTOOLS_USE_XDF\" environmental\n"
"variable before accessing this disk\n\n"
"Bourne shell syntax (sh, ash, bash, ksh, zsh etc):\n"
" export MTOOLS_USE_XDF=1\n\n"
"C shell syntax (csh and tcsh):\n"
" setenv MTOOLS_USE_XDF 1\n" );
#endif
exit(0);
}